This is a new publication from Enrique Maguilla's dissertation (University Pablo de Olavide, Seville, Spain). Dr. Modesto Luceño and I supervised his dissertation about plant evolution in temperate zones using Carex sect. Glaresosae as model group. He finished his PhD in March 2017. This publication treats specifically the biogeography of Carex sect. Glareosae. We used 14 DNA regions to infer the phylogeny of Glareosae. We estimated times of diversification and diversification rates. We then performed ancestral area reconstruction analyses. The Bering Strait may have played an important role in shaping the current distribution of these species. Abstract: Aim To disentangle the importance of the Beringian land bridges during the Pliocene and Quaternary periods in order to explain the current distribution of circumpolar plants with potential for long‐distance dispersal. Location Circumpolar (Arctic and Antarctic). Methods We sampled all extant species in Carex section Glareosae (26 species and 2 subspecies) and analysed 14 DNA regions, including the nrDNA regions ETS and ITS, three nuclear single‐copy genes (CATP, G3PDH and GZF), and nine cpDNA regions: 5′trnK intron, atpIH, matK, ndhJ‐trnF, psbA‐trnH, rpl32‐trnL, rps16, trnC‐ycf6 and ycf6‐psbM. After testing for outlier proportions, we used Bayesian inference, maximum likelihood and a species‐tree approach to infer phylogenetic relationships between species; divergence times were estimated using Beast2. We then performed biogeographical analyses using “BioGeoBEARS” to estimate ancestral areas by means of reticulate models. Finally, lineage through time (LTT) and diversification pattern analyses were performed using Bamm. Results Carex section Glareosae is a monophyletic group that diverged c. 6.56 Ma (4.54–8.51 Ma at 95% highest posterior density interval). We show that within‐area cladogenetic speciation events and anagenetic dispersal (including some vicariance events) play an important role in shaping distribution in species with potential for long‐distance dispersal. Diversification patterns show constant diversification rates over time. Main conclusions The Bering Strait may have played an important role in shaping the current distribution of the species in the section, facilitating dispersal between Asia and North America during glacial periods when the Beringian land bridges were open. Nevertheless, we cannot discount long‐distance dispersal as an alternative major force shaping the species distribution in the section. Cite as:
Enrique Maguilla, Marcial Escudero & Modesto Luceño. 2018. Vicariance versus dispersal across Beringian land bridges to explain circumpolar distribution: a case study in plants with high dispersal potential. Journal of Biogeography , 45, 771-783. See the full publication here LINK.
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Marcial Escudero@ University of Seville Archivos
April 2018
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